中国人民大学 哲学院,北京 100872
[ "刘大椿,男,中国人民大学首批一级教授,科技哲学专业博士生导师。主要从事科学哲学、科学技术与社会、科技思想史、创新方法、交叉学科、人文社会科学评价等领域研究。曾任中国人民大学校长助理,研究生院常务副院长,图书馆馆长,哲学系主任,国务院学位委员会哲学学科评议组第四届、第五届成员,中国自然辩证法研究会副理事长。先后获得教育部首届人文社会科学优秀成果奖、北京市高等教育教学成果一等奖等奖项,2004年获教育部、人力资源和社会保障部“全国模范教师”称号。撰著和主编出版著作、教材60余部,发表学术论文170余篇,代表著作有《科学活动论》《互补方法论》《从中心到边缘:科学、哲学、人文之反思》《在真与善之间——科技时代伦理问题与道德抉择》《审度:马克思科学技术观与当代科学技术论研究》《一般科学哲学史》《分殊科学哲学史》《西学东渐》《师夷长技》等。" ]
收稿:2025-08-15,
修回:2025-09-02,
纸质出版:2025-09-25
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刘大椿.少数民族科技史:三条长期有效的技术路径[J].新兴科学和技术趋势,2025,4(3):270-274.
LIU Dachun.History of science and technology in ethnic minorities: three long-term effective technological paths[J].Emerging Science and Technology,2025,4(3):270-274.
刘大椿.少数民族科技史:三条长期有效的技术路径[J].新兴科学和技术趋势,2025,4(3):270-274. DOI: 10.12405/j.issn.2097-1486.2025.03.003.
LIU Dachun.History of science and technology in ethnic minorities: three long-term effective technological paths[J].Emerging Science and Technology,2025,4(3):270-274. DOI: 10.12405/j.issn.2097-1486.2025.03.003.
少数民族科技史是科技史研究的重要一翼。本文基于生态环境、工程技术和社会制度相互作用的分析框架,以哲学的视角对元代“回回天文学”、吐鲁番坎儿井、红河哈尼梯田、西夏印刷术与木活字、纳西东巴纸、藏医《四部医典》6个经典案例做了分析研究,发现在地适配、混融再造、制度共生是3条长期有效的少数民族技术发展路径。它们不仅对于科技史规律的认知,而且对于当下的乡村振兴、水利与生态治理、非遗与教育以及科技发展路径的协同设计有重要启示意义。
The history of science and technology among ethnic minorities is an important aspect of the study of the history of science and technology. Based on an analytical framework that examines the interactions between ecological environment, engineering technology, and social systems, this paper studies six classic cases from a philosophical perspective: the “Huihui astronomy” of the Yuan Dynasty, the Turpan qanat, the Hani terraced fields of Honghe State, the printing and wooden movable type of the Western Xia Dynasty, the Dongba paper of the Naxi ethnic group, and the Tibetan medical text “Four-Part Medical Canon”. It is found that local adaptation, hybrid re-creation, and institutional symbiosis are three effective paths for the development of ethnic minority technology.These findings have important implications for today's rural revitalization, water conservancy and ecological governance, intangible cultural heritage and education, as well as the collaborative design of technological development paths.
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