山西大学 黄土高原研究所,山西 太原 030006
李君剑,山西大学黄土高原研究所教授,博士生导师,墨尔本访问学者。长期从事矿区复垦区的植被恢复模式和微生物群落演替的研究,主持国家自然科学基金项目和省部基金项目多项;参与国家自然科学基金联合基金重点项目、国家科技支撑项目10余项。在Water research,European J of Soil Science和Applied Soil Ecology等期刊发表论文80多篇;获授权专利8项;获山西省科学技术奖自然科学类奖项2项。
收稿:2025-11-10,
修回:2025-12-19,
纸质出版:2026-06-25
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许少颖,任衍敏,李君剑.引黄入晋工程对汾河水体细菌群落的影响[J].新兴科学和技术趋势,2026,5(2):131-140.
XU Shaoying,REN Yanmin,LI Junjian.Effect of the Yellow River diversion project on bacterial community in the Fenhe River[J].Emerging Science and Technology,2026,5(2):131-140.
许少颖,任衍敏,李君剑.引黄入晋工程对汾河水体细菌群落的影响[J].新兴科学和技术趋势,2026,5(2):131-140. DOI: 10.12405/j.issn.2097-1486.2026.02.003.
XU Shaoying,REN Yanmin,LI Junjian.Effect of the Yellow River diversion project on bacterial community in the Fenhe River[J].Emerging Science and Technology,2026,5(2):131-140. DOI: 10.12405/j.issn.2097-1486.2026.02.003.
引黄入晋工程是缓解山西水资源短缺、改善生态环境的重要战略举措。细菌群落在维持水质稳定中作用关键,但其在引水干扰下的动态变化机制尚不清晰。本研究于间歇期与引水期通过16S rRNA基因高通量测序技术,分别在汾河受水与未受水河段进行监测,进而分析引黄入晋对汾河水体细菌群落组成及构建机制的变化。结果表明,引水期细菌α多样性显著提升,β多样性差异加大,受水区变化幅度显著高于未受水区,表明引水已成为驱动群落重塑的重要外部扰动。群落组成方面,间歇期以Proteobacteria(变形菌门)和Bacteroidota(拟杆菌门)为主;引水期Actinobacteriota(放线菌门)在受水段快速升高(15.97%—36.00%),部分稀有类群短期跃升,反映外源水输入改变了生态位格局并促进稀有群落扩散定殖。网络分析表明,引水增强了群落复杂性与模块化,稀有类群在维持网络稳定性中发挥核心作用。细菌群落与环境地理因子关系表明,NO₃⁻-N、DOC和导电率是主要驱动变量,但引水削弱了环境梯度与地理隔离效应,导致随机过程在群落组装中的贡献上升。βNTI揭示,引水使群落构建由确定性向随机性机制转变,温度及营养盐变化是关键因素。本研究从微生物视角揭示了跨流域引水对河流生态系统的深远影响,为区域生态调控与水质管理提供科学参考。
The Yellow River Diversion project into Shanxi is a strategic initiative to alleviate water scarcity and improve the ecological environment in Shanxi Province. Bacterial communities play a crucial role in maintaining water quality stability, yet their dynamic responses to water diversion remain unclear. In this study, we employed 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing during both the non-diversion and diversion periods to monitor bacterial communities in diverted and non-diverted sections of the Fenhe River, aiming to elucidate the effects of the diversion on community composition and assembly processes. The results showed that bacterial α-diversity increased significantly during diversion, while β-diversity differences were amplified, with more pronounced shifts in diverted than in non-diverted sections, indicating that diversion has become a major external driver of community restructuring. In terms of composition, proteobacteria and bacteroidota dominated during the non-diversion period, whereas actinobacteriota rapidly increased in diverted sections during diversion (15.97%—36.00%). Additionally, some rare taxa exhibited short-term blooms, reflecting altered ecological niche patterns and enhanced dispersal and colonization of rare taxa triggered by exogenous water input. Network analysis revealed that diversion enhanced community complexity and modularity, with rare taxa serving as keystone groups in maintaining network stability. Correlation analysis indicated that NO₃⁻-N, DOC, and conductivity were the main environmental drivers; however, diversion weakened the effects of environmental gradients and geographic isolation, thereby increasing the role of stochastic processes in community assembly. βNTI further demonstrated a shift from deterministic to stochastic assembly mechanisms under diversion, primarily influenced by temperature and nutrient variations. This study reveals from the microbial perspective the profound ecological impacts of cross-basin water diversion on river ecosystems and provides scientific reference for the ecological regulation and water quality management in the region.
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