山西大学 哲学学院,山西 太原 030006
傅星源,哲学博士,山西大学哲学学院副教授。主要研究方向包括心灵哲学、形而上学与科技哲学,专注于对意识、认知基础、科学与哲学交叉领域等问题的探讨。近年来,主持或参与“当代泛心论与心智的构成性问题研究”“当代西方正义理论的新发展动态与批判研究”“山西省新一代人工智能产业发展规划研究”等多项国家级、省部级科研项目,学术成果先后刊发于《自然辩证法研究》《山西大学学报》等国内核心期刊。Email:fxy@sxu.edu.cn
收稿:2025-12-17,
修回:2025-01-16,
纸质出版:2026-06-25
移动端阅览
傅星源.从“偶然性突破”到“应激性治理”:CRISPR/Cas9技术发展路径的伦理审视[J].新兴科学和技术趋势,2026,5(2):192-202.
FU Xingyuan.From “contingent breakthroughs” to “reactive governance”: an ethical examination of the developmental path of CRISPR/Cas9 technology[J].Emerging Science and Technology,2026,5(2):192-202.
傅星源.从“偶然性突破”到“应激性治理”:CRISPR/Cas9技术发展路径的伦理审视[J].新兴科学和技术趋势,2026,5(2):192-202. DOI: 10.12405/j.issn.2097-1486.2026.02.009.
FU Xingyuan.From “contingent breakthroughs” to “reactive governance”: an ethical examination of the developmental path of CRISPR/Cas9 technology[J].Emerging Science and Technology,2026,5(2):192-202. DOI: 10.12405/j.issn.2097-1486.2026.02.009.
CRISPR/Cas9技术的崛起不仅带来了生命科学的范式革命,更以其尖锐的伦理挑战凸显了技术能力与伦理规范之间的制度性脱节。本文旨在通过剖析CRISPR/Cas9从基础发现到工具化应用,乃至“贺建奎事件”引发全球震荡的历程,论证其发展史是一部“偶然性技术突破”与“应激性全球治理”相互缠绕的历史。这一历史轨迹深刻揭示了在“后常规科学”时代,传统治理模式在应对颠覆性技术时的局限性,并凸显了构建包容、前瞻且富有韧性的伦理治理新范式的紧迫性。
The rise of CRISPR/Cas9 technology has not only triggered a paradigm shift in the life sciences, but also, through its acute ethical challenges, highlighted the institutional disconnect between technological capabilities and ethical norms. By analyzing the journey of CRISPR/Cas9 from its fundamental discovery to its instrumental application, including the global repercussions of the “HE Jiankui incident”, this paper argues that its history is intertwined with “contingent technological breakthroughs” and “reactive global governance”. This trajectory profoundly reveals in the era of “post-normal science” the limitations of traditional governance models in addressing disruptive technologies, and underscores the urgency of constructing a new ethical governance paradigm that is inclusive, forward-looking and resilient.
Ishino Y , Shinagawa H , Makino K , et al . Nucleotide sequence of the iap gene, responsible for alkaline phosphatase isozyme conversion in Escherichia coli, and identification of the gene product [J]. Journal of Bacteriology , 1987 , 169 ( 12 ): 5429 - 5433 . DOI: 10.1128/jb.169.12.5429-5433.1987 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.169.12.5429-5433.1987 .
Mojica F J , Díez-Villaseñor C , Soria E , et al . Biological significance of a family of regularly spaced repeats in the genomes of Archaea, Bacteria and mitochondria [J]. Molecular Microbiology , 2000 , 36 ( 1 ): 244 - 246 . DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01838.x http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01838.x .
Mojica F J , Díez-Villaseñor C , GarcíA-MartíNez J , et al . Intervening sequences of regularly spaced prokaryotic repeats derive from foreign genetic elements [J]. Journal of Molecular Evolution , 2005 , 60 ( 2 ): 174 - 182 . DOI: 10.1007/s00239-004-0046-3 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00239-004-0046-3 .
Jinek M , Chylinski K , Fonfara I , et al . A programmable dual-RNA-guided DNA endonuclease in adaptive bacterial immunity [J]. Science , 2012 , 337 ( 6096 ): 816 - 821 . DOI: 10.1126/science.1225829 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1225829 .
Doudna J A , Sternberg S H . A crack in creation: gene editing and the unthinkable power to control evolution [M]. Boston : Houghton Mifflin Harcourt , 2017 .
Baltimore D , Berg P , Botchan M , et al . A prudent path forward for genomic engineering and germline gene modification [J]. Science , 2015 , 348 ( 6230 ): 36 - 38 . DOI: 10.1126/science.aab1028 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aab1028 .
Liang Puping , Xu Yanwen , Zhang Xiya , et al . CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in human tripronuclear zygotes [J]. Protein & Cell , 2015 , 6 ( 5 ): 363 - 372 . DOI: 10.1007/s13238-015-0153-5 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13238-015-0153-5 .
Human Fertilisation & Embryology Authority . HFEA approves licence application to use gene editing in research [EB/OL]. [ 2016-01-14 ]. https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/news-and-press-releases/2016-news-and-press-releases/hfea-approves-licence-application-to-use-gene-editing-in-research/ https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/news-and-press-releases/2016-news-and-press-releases/hfea-approves-licence-application-to-use-gene-editing-in-research/ .
Stein R . Swedish scientist starts DNA experiments on healthy human embryos [EB/OL]. [ 2016-09-22 ]. https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/09/22/494591738/breaking-taboo-swedish-scientist-seeks-to-edit-dna-of-healthy-human-embryos https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/09/22/494591738/breaking-taboo-swedish-scientist-seeks-to-edit-dna-of-healthy-human-embryos .
Ma Hong , Marti-Gutierrez N , Park S W , et al . Correction of a pathogenic gene mutation in human embryos [J]. Nature , 2017 , 548 : 413 - 419 . DOI: 10.1038/nature23305 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature23305 .
Organizing Committee for the International Summit on Human Gene Editing . On human gene editing: international summit statement [EB/OL]. [ 2015-12-03 ]. https://www.nationalacademies.org/news/on-human-gene-editing-international-summit-statement https://www.nationalacademies.org/news/on-human-gene-editing-international-summit-statement .
国家卫生健康委员会 . 国家卫生健康委、科技部、中国科协负责人回应“基因编辑婴儿”事件: 已要求有关单位暂停相关人员的科研活动、对违法违规行为坚决予以查处 [EB/OL]. [ 2018-11-29 ]. https://www.nhc.gov.cn/wjw/xwdt/201811/493e90676fa641858ff49ac6d99cf897.shtml https://www.nhc.gov.cn/wjw/xwdt/201811/493e90676fa641858ff49ac6d99cf897.shtml .
中华人民共和国最高人民法院 . “基因编辑婴儿案”贺建奎因非法行医罪被判 3 年[EB/OL]. [ 2019-12-30 ]. https://www.court.gov.cn/zixun/xiangqing/213381.html https://www.court.gov.cn/zixun/xiangqing/213381.html .
国家卫生健康委员会 . 对十三届全国人大二次会议第2032号建议的答复 [Z]. 2020-07-01 .
Cyranoski D , Ledford H . Genome-edited baby claim provokes international outcry [J]. Nature , 2018 , 563 ( 7733 ): 607 - 608 . DOI: 10.1038/d41586-018-07545-0 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/d41586-018-07545-0 .
Organizing Committee of the Second International Summit on Human Genome Editing . Statement by the Organizing Committee of the Second International Summit on Human Genome Editing [EB/OL]. [ 2018-11-28 ]. https://www.nationalacademies.org/news/statement-by-the-organizing-committee-of-the-second-international-summit-on-human-genome-editing https://www.nationalacademies.org/news/statement-by-the-organizing-committee-of-the-second-international-summit-on-human-genome-editing .
Cyranoski D . Russian biologist plans more CRISPR-edited babies [J]. Nature , 2019 , 570 : 145 - 146 . DOI: 10.1038/d41586-019-01770-x http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/d41586-019-01770-x .
World Health Organization . Statement on governance and oversight of human genome editing [EB/OL]. [ 2019-07-26 ]. https://www.who.int/news/item/26-07-2019-statement-on-governance-and-oversight-of-human-genome-editing https://www.who.int/news/item/26-07-2019-statement-on-governance-and-oversight-of-human-genome-editing .
World Health Organization . Human genome editing: recommendations [R]. Geneva : World Health Organization , 2021 .
National Academy of Medicine , National Academy of Sciences , and the Royal Society . Heritable human genome editing [R]. Washington, DC : The National Academies Press , 2020 . DOI: 10.17226/25665 http://dx.doi.org/10.17226/25665 .
Nuffield Council on Bioethics . Genome editing and human reproduction: social and ethical issues [R]. London : Nuffield Council on Bioethics , 2018 .
成素梅 . 智能革命引发的伦理挑战与风险 [J]. 道德与文明 , 2022 ( 5 ): 194 - 202 . DOI: 10.13904/j.cnki.1007-1539.2022.05.023 http://dx.doi.org/10.13904/j.cnki.1007-1539.2022.05.023 .
Haraway D . Manifesto for cyborgs: science, technology, and socialist feminism in the 1980s [J]. Socialist Review , 1985 , 80 : 65 - 108 .
成素梅 . 建立“关于人类未来的伦理学” [J]. 哲学动态 , 2022 ( 1 ): 46 - 49 . DOI: 10.12113/j.ph.2022.01.006 http://dx.doi.org/10.12113/j.ph.2022.01.006 .
0
浏览量
0
下载量
0
CSCD
关联资源
相关文章
相关作者
相关机构
京公网安备11010802024621