Scientific and philosophical breakthrough of Nobel Prize in Physics: A discussion starting with Penrose and Hawking

SHI Yu

doi:10.12405/j.issn.2097-1486.2022.01.005

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Scientific and philosophical breakthrough of Nobel Prize in Physics: A discussion starting with Penrose and Hawking

更新时间：2024-11-01

- Scientific and philosophical breakthrough of Nobel Prize in Physics: A discussion starting with Penrose and Hawking
- Emerging Science and Technology Vol. 1, Issue 1, Pages: 49-54(2022)
- 作者机构：
  
  复旦大学　物理学系，上海　200433
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12405/j.issn.2097-1486.2022.01.005
  CLC： G301
- Published：2022-09，
  
  Received：15 March 2022，
  
  Revised：05 May 2022，
- 稿件说明：
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施郁.诺贝尔物理学奖的科学哲学突破：从彭罗斯和霍金说起[J].新兴科学和技术趋势,2022,1(1):49-54.

SHI Yu. Scientific and philosophical breakthrough of Nobel Prize in Physics: A discussion starting with Penrose and Hawking. [J]. Emerging Science and Technology, 2022,1(1):49-54.
施郁.诺贝尔物理学奖的科学哲学突破：从彭罗斯和霍金说起[J].新兴科学和技术趋势,2022,1(1):49-54. DOI： 10.12405/j.issn.2097-1486.2022.01.005.

SHI Yu. Scientific and philosophical breakthrough of Nobel Prize in Physics: A discussion starting with Penrose and Hawking. [J]. Emerging Science and Technology, 2022,1(1):49-54. DOI： 10.12405/j.issn.2097-1486.2022.01.005.

摘要

2020年诺贝尔物理学奖的一半表彰彭罗斯的理论工作。一个引起广泛兴趣的问题是，如果霍金2020年还健在，能否也获诺贝尔奖？本文首先讨论了这个问题，认为在他去世之前，本来就可以获得诺贝尔奖。然后澄清，彭罗斯-霍金奇点定理不是一个定理，而是一系列关于奇点的定理，而彭罗斯获诺贝尔奖的理由是他1964年独立完成的奇点定理。该定理指出，在引力塌缩中，普遍存在奇点。本文最后指出，彭罗斯的诺贝尔奖是诺贝尔物理学奖历史上第一次授予以前没有、将来可能也没有直接实验或观测验证的理论发现，标志了诺贝尔物理学奖的科学哲学突破以及新时代的开始。

Abstract

Half of the Nobel Prize in Physics 2020 awarded Roger Penrose for his theoretical contribution. An interesting question widely discussed is whether Stephen Hawking would have also received Nobel Prize. This paper first discusses this question

arguing that Hawking should have received Nobel Prize in Physics even before he passed away. Penrose-Hawking Singularity Theorems are a set of theorems about singularities

rather than a single theorem. The reason that the Nobel Prize awarded to Penrose is the Singularity Theorem presented by himself in 1964

stating that the singularity exists robustly in a gravitational collapse. The paper finally points out that the Nobel Prize awarded to Penrose was the first time in history for a theoretical discovery that had not been and would unlikely be directly confirmed in experiments or observations

representing a scientific and philosophical breakthrough and the beginning of a new era of Nobel Prize in Physics.

关键词

诺贝尔物理学奖罗杰·彭罗斯斯蒂芬·霍金

Keywords

Nobel Prize in PhysicsPenroseHawking

references

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