

浏览全部资源
扫码关注微信
山西大学 科学技术史研究所,山西 太原 030006
Received:02 November 2025,
Revised:2025-12-01,
Online First:28 July 2026,
Published:25 December 2025
移动端阅览
彭鹏,段茜,高策.量子百年,华彩华章:华人科学家的贡献与传承[J].新兴科学和技术趋势,2025,4(4):391-402.
PENG Peng,DUAN Xi,GAO Ce.A century of quantum mechanics: contributions and legacy of Chinese scientists[J].Emerging Science and Technology,2025,4(4):391-402.
彭鹏,段茜,高策.量子百年,华彩华章:华人科学家的贡献与传承[J].新兴科学和技术趋势,2025,4(4):391-402. DOI: 10.12405/j.issn.2097-1486.2025.04.008.
PENG Peng,DUAN Xi,GAO Ce.A century of quantum mechanics: contributions and legacy of Chinese scientists[J].Emerging Science and Technology,2025,4(4):391-402. DOI: 10.12405/j.issn.2097-1486.2025.04.008.
自量子力学诞生以来,华人科学家在这一领域屡有重大发现。本文梳理了从量子力学建立至中国改革开放前后这一历史阶段中,作出代表性贡献的华人科学家,依其学术活动年代和研究特点划分为三代,展现了中国早期量子研究从引入、承接走向原创与引领的完整发展轨迹。值此量子力学诞生百年之际,回顾华人量子科学家的历史贡献,不仅有助于更全面地认识他们在量子科学发展史中的角色,也有助于理解量子力学在中国的传播、吸收与再创造过程。
Since the birth of quantum mechanics, Chinese scientists have repeatedly made significant discoveries in this field. This paper surveys the representative Chinese scientists from the establishment of quantum mechanics to the period before China's reform and opening-up, grouping them into three generations according to their academic eras and research characteristics, and thereby revealing a complete trajectory of China's early quantum research from introduction, originality and leadership. On the occasion of the centenary of quantum mechanics, reviewing the Chinese quantum scientists' historical contributions not only helps to gain a fuller understanding of their role in the history of quantum science, but also sheds light on the process of the transmission, the absorption, and the re-creation of quantum mechanics in China.
戴念祖 . 20世纪上半叶中国物理学论文集粹 [M]. 长沙 : 湖南教育出版社 , 1993 .
钱临照 . 怀念胡刚复先生 [J]. 物理 , 1987 ( 9 ): 513 - 515 .
DUANE W , HU K F . On the Critical Absorption and Characteristic Emission X-ray Frequencies [J]. Physical Review , 1919 , 14 ( 4 ): 369 . DOI: 10.1103/PhysRev.14.369 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.14.369 .
DUANE W , PALMER H H , YEH C S . A Remeasurement of the Radiation Constant, h, by Means of X-Rays [J]. Journal of the Optical Society of America , 1921 , 5 ( 4 ): 376 - 387 . DOI: 10.1073/pnas.7.8.237 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.7.8.237 .
邓淑琴 . 康普顿效应的发现和启迪: 纪念康普顿效应发现70周年 [J]. 物理 , 1993 ( 12 ): 752 - 756 .
HOUSTON W V , HSIEH Y M . The Fine Structure of the Balmer Lines [J]. Physical Review , 1934 , 45 ( 4 ): 263 . DOI: 10.1103/PhysRev.45.263 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.45.263 .
戴念祖 , 刘娜 . 顾静徽: 中国第一个物理学女博士 [J]. 物理 , 2009 , 38 ( 3 ): 169 - 173 . DOI: 10.3321/j.issn:0379-4148.2009.03.004 http://dx.doi.org/10.3321/j.issn:0379-4148.2009.03.004 .
戴念祖 . 我国早期的近代物理学家 [J]. 物理 , 1983 ( 10 ): 626 - 637 .
吴大猷 . 早期中国物理发展的回忆(续二) [J]. 物理 , 2005 , 34 ( 6 ): 399 - 404 . DOI: 10.3321/j.issn:0379-4148.2005.06.006 http://dx.doi.org/10.3321/j.issn:0379-4148.2005.06.006 .
WANG S C . The Problem of the Normal Hydrogen Molecule in the New Quantum Mechanics [J]. Physical Review , 1928 , 31 ( 4 ): 579 . DOI: 10.1103/PhysRev.31.579 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.31.579 .
WANG S C . On the Asymmetrical Top in Quantum Mechanics [J]. Physical Review , 1929 , 34 ( 2 ): 243 . DOI: 10.1103/PhysRev.34.243 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.34.243 .
吴大猷 . 早期中国物理发展的回忆 [M]. 台北 : 联经出版事业公司 , 2001 .
束星北 . 关於波动方程式之“超前解” [J]. 中国物理学报 , 1950 ( 2 ): 489 - 490 .
尹晓冬 , 朱重远 . 张宗燧与科学大师们 [J]. 物理 , 2015 , 44 ( 7 ): 460 - 468 .
YIN X , ZHU Z , SALISBURY D C . Tsung-Sui Chang's Contribution to the Quantization of Constrained Hamiltonian Systems [C]// Traditions and Transformations in the History of Quantum Physics , 2010 : 249 . DOI: 10.34663/9783945561225-12 http://dx.doi.org/10.34663/9783945561225-12 .
刘寄星 . 历史的回顾与漫谈: 中国学者与统计物理学 [J]. 物理 , 2023 , 52 ( 9 ): 591 - 604 . DOI: 10.7693/wl20230901 http://dx.doi.org/10.7693/wl20230901 .
WANG M C , Uhlenbeck G E . On the Theory of the Brownian Motion II [J]. Reviews of modern physics , 1945 , 17 ( 2-3 ): 323 . DOI: 10.1103/RevModPhys.17.323 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.17.323 .
MA S T . Redundant Zeros in the Discrete Energy Spectra in Heisenberg's Theory of Characteristic Matrix [J]. Physical Review , 1946 , 69 ( 11-12 ): 668 . DOI: 10.1103/PhysRev.69.668 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.69.668 .
何思维 , 尹晓冬 . 纪念X射线衍射发现100年暨缅怀晶体学家余瑞璜先生 [J]. 现代物理知识 , 2014 , 26 ( 5 ): 5 - 7 . DOI: 10.13405/j.cnki.xdwz.2014.05.001 http://dx.doi.org/10.13405/j.cnki.xdwz.2014.05.001 .
余瑞璜 . 固体与分子经验电子理论 [J]. 科学通报 , 1978 ( 4 ): 217 - 224 .
JEN C K . The Zeeman Effect in Microwave Molecular Spectra [J]. Physical Review , 1948 , 74 ( 10 ): 1396 . DOI: 10.1103/PhysRev.74.1396 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.74.1396 .
JEN C K . Rotational Magnetic Moments in Polyatomic Molecules [J]. Physical Review , 1951 , 81 ( 2 ): 197 . DOI: 10.1103/PhysRev.81.197 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.81.197 .
CHAO C Y . The Absorption Coefficient of Hard γ-Rays [J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , 1930 , 16 ( 6 ): 431 - 433 . DOI: 10.1073/pnas.16.6.431 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.16.6.431 .
CHAO C Y . Scattering of Hard γ-Rays [J]. Physical Review , 1930 , 36 ( 10 ): 1519 . DOI: 10.1103/PhysRev.36.1519 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.36.1519 .
李炳安 , 杨振宁 , 继尧 . 赵忠尧, 电子对产生和湮灭 [J]. 现代物理知识 , 1998 ( 6 ): 29 - 33 . DOI: 10.13405/j.cnki.xdwz.1998.06.017 http://dx.doi.org/10.13405/j.cnki.xdwz.1998.06.017 .
李炳安 , 杨振宁 . 王淦昌先生与中微子的发现 [J]. 物理 , 1986 ( 12 ): 758 - 761, 738 .
WANG K C . A Suggestion on the Detection of the Neutrino [J]. Physical Review , 1942 , 61 ( 1-2 ): 97 . DOI: 10.1103/PhysRev.61.97 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.61.97 .
CHANG W Y . A Cloud-Chamber Study of Meson Absorption by Thin Pb, Fe, and Al Foils [J]. Reviews of Modern Physics , 1949 , 21 ( 1 ): 166 . DOI: 10.1103/RevModPhys.21.166 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.21.166 .
WU C S , SEGRÈ E . Radioactive Xenons [J]. Physical Review , 1945 , 67 ( 5-6 ): 142 . DOI: 10.1103/PhysRev.67.142 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.67.142 .
WU C S . Recent Investigation of the Shapes of β-Ray Spectra [J]. Reviews of Modern Physics , 1950 , 22 ( 4 ): 386 . DOI: 10.1103/RevModPhys.22.386 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.22.386 .
WU C S , AMBLER E , HAYWARD R W , et al . Experimental Test of Parity Conservation in Beta Decay [J]. Physical review , 1957 , 105 ( 4 ): 1413 . DOI: 10.1103/PhysRev.105.1413 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.105.1413 .
WU C S . The Universal Fermi Interaction and the Conserved Vector Current in Beta Decay [J]. Reviews of Modern Physics , 1964 , 36 ( 2 ): 618 . DOI: 10.1103/RevModPhys.36.618 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.36.618 .
杨建邺 . 杨振宁传 [M]. 北京 : 生活·读书·新知三联书店 , 2016 .
YANG C N , MILLS R L . Conservation of Isotopic Spin and Isotopic Gauge Iinvariance [J]. Physical Review , 1954 , 96 ( 1 ): 191 . DOI: 10.1103/PhysRev.96.191 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.96.191 .
杨振宁 . 三十五年心路 [M]. 甘幼坪, 译. 南宁 : 广西科学技术出版社 , 1999 : 23 - 24 .
LEE T D , YANG C N . Statistical Theory of Equations of State and Phase Transitions. I. Theory of Condensation [J]. Physical Review , 1952 , 87 ( 3 ): 404 - 409 . DOI: 10.1103/PhysRev.87.404 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.87.404 .
LEE T D , YANG C N . Statistical Theory of Equations of State and Phase Transitions. Ⅱ. Lattice Gas and Ising Model [J]. Physical Review , 1952 , 87 ( 3 ): 410 - 419 . DOI: 10.1103/PhysRev.87.410 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.87.410 .
LEE T D , YANG C N . Question of Parity Conservation in Weak Interactions [J]. Physical Review , 1956 , 104 ( 1 ): 254 . DOI: 10.1103/PhysRev.104.254 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.104.254 .
LEE T D . Some Special Examples in Renormalizable Field Theory [J]. Physical Review , 1954 , 95 ( 5 ): 1329 . DOI: 10.1103/PhysRev.95.1329 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.95.1329 .
KINOSHITA T . Mass Singularities of Feynman Amplitudes [J]. Journal of Mathematical Physics , 1962 , 3 ( 4 ): 650 - 677 . DOI: 10.1103/PhysRev.81.197 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.81.197 .
LEE T D , NAUENBERG M . Degenerate Systems and Mass Singularities [J]. Physical Review , 1964 , 133 ( 6B ): B1549 . DOI: 10.1103/PhysRev.133.B1549 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.133.B1549 .
LEE T D , WICK G C . Negative metric and the unitarity of the S-matrix [J]. Nuclear Physics B , 1969 , 9 ( 2 ): 209 - 243 . DOI: 10.1016/0550-3213(69)90098-4 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(69)90098-4 .
LEE T D , WICK G C . Vacuum stability and vacuum excitation in a spin-0 field theory [J]. Physical Review D , 1974 , 9 ( 8 ): 2291 . DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.9.2291 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.9.2291 .
FRIEDBERG R , LEE T D , SIRLIN A . Class of scalar-field soliton solutions in three space dimensions [J]. Physical Review D , 1976 , 13 ( 10 ): 2739 . DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.13.2739 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.13.2739 .
LEE T D . TD Lee Selected Papers [M]. Boston : Birkhäuser , 1986 .
厚宇德 . 玻恩如何帮助学生: 以对杨立铭的关照为例 [J]. 物理 , 2019 , 48 ( 6 ): 393 - 396 . DOI: 10.7693/wl20190606 http://dx.doi.org/10.7693/wl20190606 .
CHOU K C , SHIROKOV M I . The Relativistic Theory of Reactions Involving Polarized Particles [J]. Soviet Physics Jetp-Ussr , 1958 , 7 ( 5 ): 851 - 857 .
CHOU K C . On the Pseudovector Current and Lepton Decays of Baryons and Mesons [J]. Soviet Physics JETP , 1961 , 12 ( 3 ): 492 - 497 .
AUBERT J J , BECKER U , BIGGS P J , et al . Experimental Observation of a Heavy Particle J [J]. Physical Review Letters , 1974 , 33 ( 23 ): 1404 . DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.33.1404 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.33.1404 .
BARBER D P , BECKER U , BENDA H , et al . Discovery of Three-Jet Events and a Test of Quantum Chromodynamics at PETRA [J]. Physical Review Letters , 1979 , 43 ( 12 ): 830 . DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.43.830 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.43.830 .
LEE Y T . Molecular beam studies of elementary chemical processes [J]. Science , 1987 , 236 ( 4803 ): 793 - 798 . DOI: 10.1002/anie.198709393 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.198709393 .
石锋 , 韩秀君 , 张灵翠 , 等 . 固体物理学发展简史 [J]. 物理学进展 , 2021 , 41 ( 4 ): 170 - 187 . DOI: 10.13725/j.cnki.pip.2021.04.002 http://dx.doi.org/10.13725/j.cnki.pip.2021.04.002 .
HUANG K . X-ray Reflexions from Dilute Solid Solutions [J]. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences , 1947 , 190 ( 1020 ): 102 - 117 . DOI: 10.1098/rspa.1947.0064 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1947.0064 .
HUANG K , RHYS A . Theory of light absorption and non-radiative transitions in F-centres [J]. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences , 1950 , 204 ( 1078 ): 406 - 423 . DOI: 10.1098/rspa.1950.0184 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1950.0184 .
HUANG K . Lattice Vibrations and Optical Waves in Ionic Crystals [J]. Nature , 1951 , 167 ( 4254 ): 779 - 780 . DOI: 10.1038/167779b0 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/167779b0 .
秦志伟 . 谢希德: 一生心怀祖国的“斗士” [N]. 中国科学报 , 2021-03-22 (001). DOI: 10.28514/n.cnki.nkxsb.2021.000939 http://dx.doi.org/10.28514/n.cnki.nkxsb.2021.000939 .
中国科学技术协会 . 中国科学技术专家传略 理学编 物理学卷2 [M]. 北京 : 中国科学技术出版社 , 2001 : 433 - 445 .
任之恭 . 怀念叶企孙老师 [J]. 物理 , 1992 ( 8 ): 450 - 451 .
0
Views
0
下载量
0
CSCD
Publicity Resources
Related Articles
Related Author
Related Institution
京公网安备11010802024621