最新刊期
      卷 2 ， 期 3 ， 2023
      • ZHANG Yongmin,LÜ Zhimin,LIU Hongyu
        Vol. 2, Issue 3, Pages: 229-240(2023) DOI: 10.12405/j.issn.2097-1486.2023.03.001
        摘要：Tuberculosis （TB） caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis （MTB） is a global epidemic infectious disease. The only licensed preventive vaccine， Bacillus Calmette-Guérin （BCG）， has limited immune effects on adults and cannot establish long-term immunity since its discovery.In addition，limited by extensive drug resistance and multi-drug resistance，the efficacy of traditional first and second-line treatment drugs is not so satisfactory. In this situation，the World Health Organization （WHO） has developed a The End TB Strategy to end the TB epidemic by the year of 2030，and the world’s scientists have developed various effective TB vaccines to accelerate this process. Based on the current situation of tuberculosis， this review summarizes the research and development progress of the tuberculosis vaccine.  
        关键词：tuberculosis （TB）;mycobacterium tuberculosis （MTB）;vaccine;clinical trials   
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        发布时间：2024-03-29
      • CHEN Fan,LIU Yang,LI Ruijin
        Vol. 2, Issue 3, Pages: 241-249(2023) DOI: 10.12405/j.issn.2097-1486.2023.03.002
        摘要：Reducing carbon emissions is a global challenge.Guided by the "dual carbon" strategy，comprehensive research on carbon emissions of coal production enterprises is of great significance for energy conservation，carbon reduction，and green development of enterprises. Planning and conducting carbon emission accounting is the foundation for enterprises to actively formulate emission reduction actions，and the carbon accounting methods is still relatively weak in the carbon emission reduction work.This article first summarizes domestic and international carbon emission standards，proposes the most suitable standards of carbon emission accounting for enterprises to refer to，and clarifies the boundaries and sources of enterprise carbon emission accounting through literature review and data analysis.Then，it establishes a model of carbon emission accounting for enterprises，and summarizes and explains the content of carbon emission accounting. Finally，the prospect of the carbon reduction is made from two aspects of carbon emission and the policies.  
        关键词：carbon emission peak;carbon neutrality;dual carbon strategy;coal production enterprises;carbon emission   
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        发布时间：2024-03-29
      • LI Ruijin,LI Zhiping,DONG Chuan
        Vol. 2, Issue 3, Pages: 250-257(2023) DOI: 10.12405/j.issn.2097-1486.2023.03.003
        摘要：The contradiction between urban development and urban ecology exists in modern economic society， which poses a threat to the sustainable development of the urban economy， social resources and ecological environment. A green and low-carbon city is an ideal model of a livable human city in which people and the environment coexist harmoniously and develop sustainably. Its construction is positively influenced by the 5R principle. This paper summarizes the content and extension of the 5R principle and discusses the guiding role of the 5R principle in urban sustainable development， green ecological city construction， the "dual carbon" target， ecological protection and resource utilization， lifestyle and spiritual world. Although more practical experience is needed to deepen the application of the 5R principle in the construction of green and low-carbon cities， the application of the 5R principle has triggered many aspects of people's thinking. This is of great significance for actively establishing a green and low-carbon urban economic development model and constructing a low-carbon， healthy， harmonious and green economic development model， living environment and human environment.  
        关键词：5R Principles;green and low-carbon city;multi-dimensional thinking   
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        发布时间：2024-03-29
      • MENG Ziqiang
        Vol. 2, Issue 3, Pages: 258-279(2023) DOI: 10.12405/j.issn.2097-1486.2023.03.004
        摘要：At different stages of human history， from ancient times to modern age，the research at each stage on the relationship between environment and health had its own essential differences and characteristics. In the history of environmental health science research， its research philosophy， direction， and content had undergone multiple twists and turns or qualitative change. In ancient times， humans had already begun early exploration of the relationship between environment and health. Before 2000 to 3000 years ago， ancient doctors conducted rational analysis of the experience gained from human long-term exploration of the relationship between environment and health， led to the emergence of ancient traditional medicine， caused the first turning point in environmental health science research： transforming from intuitive and scattered research to systematic research guided by traditional medical theory. The writing and completion of classical works of the Yellow Emperor’s Inner Canon and the Hippocrates Corpus were the prominent marks of this turning point. In the modern 18th to 19th centuries， in the context of rapid industrial development， poor economic conditions for workers， prominent environmental hygiene issues and frequent outbreaks of infectious diseases， the process of environmental health science research had undergone a second turning point： The ancient studies focusing on the relationship between the primary environment and health was transferred to modern research focusing on the relationship between living environment hygiene and infectious diseases； the rise of modern public health movements in various European countries and the emergence and development of hygieology were the main symbols of this turning point. Since the industrial revolution of the 18th century， the ecological environment was gradually being destroyed due to humanity’s long-term unlimited demand from nature and arbitrary discharge of waste. Until the mid-20th century， people suddenly realized that environmental pollution had already became a serious threat to human health； At the same time， various infectious diseases were effectively prevented and controlled due to the invention and application of antibiotics and chemical anti-inflammatory drugs. As a result， there was a third turning point in environmental health science research： The research focusing on the relationship between living environment hygiene and infectious diseases was turned to the research focusing on the relationship between natural environmental pollution and non communicable diseases. Together， intersecting and merging among multiple disciplines adopted in the contemporary research on the relationship between environment and health， led to the establishment of modern environmental health science discipline， which was composed of environmental epidemiology， environmental toxicology， environmental hygiene and environmental disease science and so on. It was also a sign of the third turning point in environmental health science research. Into the 21st century， with the development of emerging science and technology， new industrial production would also produce some emerging environmental pollutants， which their health hazards and prevention strategies urgently need to be studied. In the meantime， the prevalence of various viral infectious diseases in this century， especially global outbreaks of the corona virus disease 2019 （COVID-19） in 2020， had caused serious harm to human health. All of these led to the fourth turning point in the process of environmental health science research： The research focusing on the relationship between traditional environmental pollutants and non-communicable diseases in the 20th century， was turned to research focused on the relationship between emerging environmental pollutants and health， and the relationship between environmental biological pollutants （especially viruses） and infectious diseases in the 21st century. It might be predicted that the day of successful prevention of virus infection and basic control of emerging pollutants would be the time that progress of the environmental health science research would take a turning point once again.  
        关键词：environmental and health;environmental health sciences;history of science and technology;biological pollutants;emerging pollutants   
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        发布时间：2024-03-29
      • ZHANG Guoye,CHANG Xianhui,ZHANG Guozhen,FU Yufeng
        Vol. 2, Issue 3, Pages: 280-288(2023) DOI: 10.12405/j.issn.2097-1486.2023.03.005
        摘要：Promoting “intelligence” is a clear goal of social governance， and the experimental characteristic base of the national intelligent social governance is an important practice to promote the development of smart society and smart city. Since D County has been successfully selected as the experimental characteristic base （urban management） of the national intelligent social governance，as the only county experimental characteristic base，it strives to find a new way to innovate grassroots governance and create a model of grassroots governance at the county level. Based on this， TOE theoretical framework is introduced into the field of the social governance，combined with the specific practice of D County，multiple dimensions of technology （T）， organization （O） and environment （E） are identified.In this way， the paper deeply analyzes the phased results of the value release of technical dimension factors in D experimental base construction and the dilemma of the multi-factor supply. In view of this， on the basis of the deconstruction of the causes of multi-factor bottleneck constraints， the article， based on the TOE model of multi-factor driven county intelligent social governance improvement， proposes a multi-factor collaborative and interactive path of national intelligent social governance experimental base construction. It is of great practical significance for the construction of other bases.  
        关键词：intelligent social governance;TOE framework;urban management;D County;modernization of governance   
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        发布时间：2024-03-29
      • QIAN Zhenda,ZAN Jiansen
        Vol. 2, Issue 3, Pages: 289-297(2023) DOI: 10.12405/j.issn.2097-1486.2023.03.006
        摘要：From Marx to Mumford and Heidegger， to the Frankfurt School， British neo-Marxism， post-Marxism and eco-Marxism， up to the contemporary era， the critique of technology has always been an important means of resisting capitalism and realizing the liberation of mankind. Taking the critique of technology as the logical starting point and ultimately pointing to the social critique of capitalism， this process has formed various distinctive paradigms for the study of the critique of technology： Marx paid special attention to the social function of technology and created the paradigm of the social critique of technology； humanist research paradigm of the critique of technology was formed by such thinkers as Mumford and Heidegger； the paradigm of the critique of technology has shown a diversified development in the twentieth century， with the Frankfurt School focusing on technological rationality， British neo-Marxism based on technological criticism of culture and politics， post-Marxism explains the structural changes of capitalism with the side of technology， and eco-Marxism focuses on the ecological consequences of the use of technology in the capitalist mode of production； before and after the 21st century， technological criticism has deepened on the basis of the original ideas， showing three trends of development. By historically analyzing the internal logic of the paradigm shift of technology critique， we can gain a deeper understanding of the shortcomings and limitations of capitalism， and provide useful thoughts for improving the construction of socialism and reaching the ideal social form of human beings.  
        关键词：critique of technology;Marxism;critique of capitalism;paradigm   
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        发布时间：2024-03-29
      • SHI Yu
        Vol. 2, Issue 3, Pages: 298-321(2023) DOI: 10.12405/j.issn.2097-1486.2023.03.007
        摘要：The development of physics in National Central University and in University of Nanking is systematically investigated and studied. Physics in National Central University， especially in the period of Nanjing Higher Normal School and Southeast University， was the cradle of physics in China， contributing many talents to all China. Physics in University of Nanking also made important contributions. Particular attention is paid to events and figures that have received little attention previously， for instance， the contributions of the physics department to geophysics in Central University during the Chongqing period， the contributions of the physics department to the film industry in the University of Nanking， and the contributions to the observation and record of the 1940 total eclipse by both departments. Attention is also paid to professors whose experiences have been unclear， such as C. N. Chou.  
        关键词：physics in China;National Central University;National Nanjing Higher Normal School;Southeast University;University of Nanking   
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        发布时间：2024-03-29
      • OUYANG Zhiyuan
        Vol. 2, Issue 3, Pages: 322-329(2023) DOI: 10.12405/j.issn.2097-1486.2023.03.008
        摘要：During the Revolutionary War and the period of the country’s economic construction， Renmin University of China has made significant contributions and created brilliant performance. In the 2020s of the 21 century，Renmin University of China stand once again on the starting line of its history. Revitalizing Renmin University of China is the earnest expectations of the Central Party Committee and also a strong call from the the social elites. Both the discipline construction and the campus construction are weak links of the Renmin University of China. It should make full use of the opportunity of the times and rely on the campus construction， to establish a "big science" of blending arts and sciences， and to create an integrated discipline system peculiar to China. In this way， Renmin University of China may realize a historic leap.  
        关键词：Shanbei Public School;North China United University;North China University;Renmin University of China;scientific integration;discipline construction;campus construction   
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        发布时间：2024-03-29
      • HOU Liangliang
        Vol. 2, Issue 3, Pages: 330-340(2023) DOI: 10.12405/j.issn.2097-1486.2023.03.009
        摘要：With the integration of archeology and the modern science technology， the research field in archaeology has been widened， the archaeological research has been upgraded from qualitative description to quantitative description. Meantime， the model and the system of the archaeological research have also changed， archaeometry emerging quietly in this process. Based on the previous research， this paper analyzes the development process of archaeometry， and divides it into five stages： the embryonic stage， the early stage， the initial development stage， the rapid development stage， and the mature stage. Finally， this paper tries to sort out the development law of the Chinese archaeometry， and it also briefly describes the trends and prospect of the Chinese archaeometry， hoping to be beneficial to the archaeometrists.  
        关键词：archaeometry;archeology;brief history;process of development   
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        发布时间：2024-03-29
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